CKQ+Brendan

France, USA, Brazil, Mexico, and even the poorest country, Haiti, had a revolution. Therefore, we can allude that the revolution does not require a lot money nor power; it only needs the right people for revolution to take place. So, what is a revolution? According to dictionary.com it states: “a radical and pervasive change in society and the social structure, esp. one made suddenly and often accompanied by violence.” Wait, I should have translated this definition to English. Simply, a revolution is a “change” occurring in a government or even in the whole country. In addition, it can be triggered by the inconvenience or the unfair government. Moreover, every single people can be a substantial part in the revolution. The person does not need to be a noble nor a king; it can be just a original peasant. Furthermore, a revolution will always be consisted of wars and devastating results as in deaths. This is due to the mind of the people trying to fight and revolt for their life. There are two different types of thinking; optimism and pessimism. Optimism is always thinking positively just like Pangloss. On the contrary, pessimism is always thinking negative just like Martin in __Candide__. There are many examples of these ways of thinking in the novel __Candide__.

Voltaire tries to criticize optimism by attacking Pangloss. Pangloss is a immense thinker of optimism and he always gets into bad situations. For an example, Pangloss and Candide tries to find Counegonde, however fails numerous times. Eventually they find Counegonde, but Counegonde is a very ugly girl now. In addition, Pangloss nearly gets hung and gets executed. Even though he survives, I think dying is much better than actually going over the experience of death.

Last but not least, Counegonde becoming ugly every time and every day is also the opposite of how optimism should work. In conclusion, you can learn how Voltaire satirizes the optimism by failing Pangloss every time. Therefore, you can see how how optimism and pessimism can have various effects which leads to revolutions.